CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT

a. When did the civil rights movement begin?

The civil rights movement begin on December 1 , 1955 when Rosa Parks refused to cooperate with a segregation law.

b. What was the civil rights movement about?

The civil rights movement refers to the new aim that the united states outlawed to against racial discrimination on African American and recover the voting rights in the Southern States. The civil rights movement also enlarged to target racial dignity and freedoms from American whites, social equality and respects among races.

c.Significant incidents

The first event was The Little Rock Nine case where nine black students were allowed to study in a public high school in Little Rock and there were guards sent to Little Rock to protect them.

The second incident was a guy called Martin Luther King was assassinated in 1968 and his death inspired the Civil Rights Movement. Robert Kennedy also a supporter of Civil Rights was also assassinated.The third event was a landmark law that outlawed the segregation in schools, workplace, facilities and transports provide for the publics.

d.Which American president supported the civil rights movement?

President John F. Kennedy

e. What was the outcome of this movement?

The civil rights movement outlawed the racial discriminations against blacks and racial segregation among blacks and whites.

f. In what way the Civil Rights movement related to the novel?

The author is emphasizing the racial equality among blacks and whites and show how pity they are. The novel shows that Civil Rights law should be implemented.

MONTGOMERY BUS BOYCOTT AND SCOTTSBORO TRIAL

a. State the specifics of each trial and why they were significant

The Montgomery bus boycott is about a African women because she refused to give up her seat to a White. Besides there were also several incident happened such as that before. Because of this unfair treatment on blacks and and some other unpleasant factors about the discriminations against blacks, finally the US Civil Right Movement won the first time as the society is starting to look into these problems and try to outlaw racial dignity and freedoms on blacks. The Scottsboro trials caused Roy Wright to be sentenced to death and four out of nine to drop charges. All but two served prisons and the rest were killed. The trials were significant as it shows how the miscarriage of justice could bring the end of all white juries in the South.

b.How is the Scottsboro trial related to the trial in the novel?

Both trials are about the same as they were judged according to racial issues and skin colours. Although Tom Robinson was innocent by the fact that it was Mayell Ewell who pounced on him, he got accused and failed to get the supports from the public because of the prejudice on blacks at that time. Same as Scottsboro case , the blacks were misjudged by the miscarriage of justice on them.

c.In what way are these trials similar?

Both were carried according to skin colours and race.

TRIALS OF A TRUE SOUTHERN BELLE AND SOUTHERN GENTLEMAN

a. What were the rules of etiquette for Southern gentlemen and ladies?

Southern ladies must follow a few rules which are knowing how to cook, sowing dresses, sit in a lady-like posture and be gentle when doing things example: lifting a cup of tea, talking etc. Besides, they must expose to more girlish games and toys when they were small to promote the lady image in their mind( According to TKAM). Southern gentlemen whereas must be kind, honest and respect the female genders and present in a mannerly well suits.

b.What did the southern ladies do to pass their time.

They sew clothes and do needle work.

c.Picture of gentlemen and ladies

d.Identify characters in the novel that fit the mould of true southern belles and gentlemen and those who don't? Explain why they fit the mould and why they don't?

Calpurnia is a true southern belles as she knew to cook and act as a lady all time. Atticus, Scout's father is also a true gentleman as he respect all ladies and everyone around him. Bob ewell do not fit the mould of a southern gentleman as he raped a woman and accused Atticus when Atticus confronted him.

HARPER LEE

a.About the author

Nelle Harper Lee was born on April 28, 1926. She is an American author that wrote the novel To Kill a Mockingbird, which the content is about racism in southern states and a girl living with the racial issues in Maycomb, Alabama. After her book was published, it won the 1960 Pulitzer Prize and also awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom of the United States for her novel that made a significant contribution to literature in 2007.

b. Biodata of Harper Lee

Harper Lee grew up in the small Alabama town of Monroeville. Her father was a former newspaper editor and was a lawyer. Harper Lee was a tomboy and also a keen reader as he always read with her father at night when her father came back from work. She also appreciate the friendship of her schoolmates and neighbor. Harper Lee studied at Huntingdon College in Montgomery, Alabama and then went to University of Alabama, spending one year at Oxford University, England. At first of her career, she worked as a reservation clerk for Eastern Airlines in New York City. Later she devoted herself to writing novels. So Lee published her first novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, it was popular and selling more than fifteen million copies. President Johnson made Lee to the National Council of Arts in June 1966, since then she continues to live in New York and Monroeville prefers a private life and barely had interviews and giving speeches.

c.Novels written by Harper Lee

"To Kill a Mockingbird", "Love in other Words", "Christmas to me", "When Children Discovers America", "Romance", "High Adventure".

d. Awards Received

She won the Pulitzer Prize (1961),

Brotherhood award of the National Conference of Christians and Jews ( 1961 )

Alabama Library Association Award ( 1961)

Bestsellers Paperback of the Year Award ( 1962)

Member, National Council on the Arts ( 1966)

Best Novel of the Century,Library Journal ( 1999 )

Alabama Humanities Award ( 2002)

ATTY Award, Spector Gadon and Rosen Foundation (2005)

Los Angeles Public Library Literary Award ( 2005)

Honorary degree, University of Notre Dame ( 2006)

American Academy of Arts and Letters ( 2007)

e. Why was TKAM a significant novel to her.

Because it was instantly successful winning the Pulitzer Prize and became a classic of modern American Literature .